The BMI is expressed in kg/m 2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. Additional metrics, such as waist circumference, can be more useful. Nevertheless, due to its simplicity, it has come to be widely used for preliminary diagnoses. Keys explicitly judged BMI as appropriate for population studies and inappropriate for individual evaluation. The interest in an index that measures body fat came with observed increasing obesity in prosperous Western societies. In this paper, Keys argued that what he termed the BMI was "if not fully satisfactory, at least as good as any other relative weight index as an indicator of relative obesity". The modern term "body mass index" (BMI) for the ratio of human body weight to squared height was coined in a paper published in the July 1972 edition of the Journal of Chronic Diseases by Ancel Keys and others.
According to Lars Grue and Arvid Heiberg in the Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, Quetelet's idealization of the average man would be elaborated upon by Francis Galton a decade later in the development of Eugenics. Quetelet thought of the average man as a social ideal, and developed the body mass index as a means of discovering the socially ideal human person. Instead, it was a component of his study of l'homme moyen, or the average man. Quetelet himself never intended for the index, then called the Quetelet Index, to be used as a means of medical assessment. Īdolphe Quetelet, a Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician, and sociologist, devised the basis of the BMI between 18 as he developed what he called "social physics". When used to predict an individual's health, rather than as a statistical measurement for groups, the BMI has limitations that can make it less useful than some of the alternatives, especially when applied to individuals with abdominal obesity, short stature, or unusually high muscle mass.īMIs under 20 and over 25 have been associated with higher all-cause mortality, with the risk increasing with distance from the 20–25 range. Major adult BMI classifications are underweight (under 18.5 kg/m 2), normal weight (18.5 to 24.9), overweight (25 to 29.9), and obese (30 or more). The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to broadly categorize a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on tissue mass ( muscle, fat, and bone) and height. The BMI may be determined using a table or chart which displays BMI as a function of mass and height using contour lines or colours for different BMI categories, and which may use other units of measurement (converted to metric units for the calculation). The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m 2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. BMI values greater than 40 kg/m2 are considered obese.Įxample: If a person weighs 68 kg and is 165 cm (1.65 m) tall, BMI is calculated as 68 ÷ (1.65)2 = 24.98 kg/m2, which means that the person has a BMI of 24.98 and is considered to be a healthy weight.Body mass index ( BMI) is a value derived from the mass ( weight) and height of a person.BMI values between 25 kg/m2 to 30 kg/m2 are overweight.BMI values between 18.5 kg/m2 to 24.9 kg/m2 are healthy.BMI values of less than 18.5 kg/m2 are considered underweight.The various categories of BMI include the following
Although it does not directly measure body fat, it can be correlated with more direct measures of body fat. Another way to calculate BMI is to multiply the person’s weight in pounds by 703 and divide it by the height (in inches) squared.īMI is the most inexpensive screening tool to measure obesity. It indicates whether the weight is appropriate for the person’s height.
#Female body mass index calculator how to
Here is how to calculate BMI and determine your ideal weight.īody mass index (BMI) is a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of the body’s height in meters. Body mass index (BMI) is an approximate measure of obesity.
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